A worldwide group of developmental researchers and child health specialists is simultaneously sounding the alarm that excessive screen use by and around children between birth and age 3 is a “serious risk factor” for the most sensitive and rapidly growing period of human brain development.
The alliance cites research emerging globally over the past six years associating screen exposure with disruptions to babies’ cognitive, physical and social-emotional development. Developmental concerns include speech delay, attachment problems, behavioral changes including autistic-like symptoms, and differences in how infant brains form and operate.
The worldwide alert happened April 23, on World Infant, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Day.
Difficulties for infants and babies posed by screen use can occur through multiple pathways, including through the direct effects of sensory hyper-stimulation on the developing brain.
Time spent viewing screens displaces the critical social and real-world sensory experiences that very young children need for optimal growth and development.
“Technoference”— when a caregiver’s attention is focused on a digital device while an infant is present—can cause the baby psychological and physiological stress and interfere with the caregiver’s responses to the baby’s needs.
When TVs, phones and tablets are used to calm and entertain babies, it can lead to compulsive viewing and make it harder for little ones to learn to manage their emotions.
Having the TV on for prolonged periods in the presence of babies—even if it appears they are not watching—distracts them from their play and reduces their interaction with caregivers so that children hear fewer words and it is harder to learn to speak.
Many apps and shows made for babies, toddlers and preschoolers use manipulative design techniques to keep very young children glued to the screen.
“The research tells us that screens distract babies from paying attention to people, distract the parents and caregivers from paying attention to the babies, and may directly affect early brain connectivity and attention mechanisms,” according to Karen Heffler, M.D., researcher in the Department of Psychiatry at Drexel University College of Medicine. “Parents, healthcare providers and governments need to know about findings from this research in order to make the best choices for babies’ well-being.”
Members of the group known as the Global Alliance for Inspiring Non-tech Infant Nurturing and Growth (GAINING) also stress how to support baby brain-building and development: through full-sensory physical play and responsive “serve and return” engagement which parents and other caregivers are naturally equipped to do. Similar to playing ball, babies learn how to speak and interact through “serving” a sound or expression to caregivers who “return the serve” with soothing words, smiles, and gentle touch.
Based on guidelines recently updated in several countries around the world, GAINING Awareness Alerts recommend that until at least age 2, babies should not be exposed to screens except in supervised video chats with loved ones. Three out of four children under age 2 now exceed those recommendations, but studies also show parents who learn the guidelines allow significantly less screen time.
GAINING highlights the economic advantages of preventing the negative effects of excessive screen time in early childhood. By addressing these issues early on, governments can reduce the need for expensive speech, behavioral, and other therapeutic interventions for screen-related delays among toddlers and preschoolers.
To assist parents who want to limit screen use, governments are encouraged to support the establishment of screen-free nurseries, childcare centers, and preschools, as well as lending libraries for non-electronic toys.
Governments can also invest in awareness campaigns to promote healthy early childhood development. Greater parental awareness at the earliest time may help to decrease screen-related developmental delays and the societal costs for therapies, educational supports for children, and loss of productivity by parents.
Just as pediatricians and other healthcare providers teach parents about their babies’ nutrition, healthcare providers can help parents care for their babies’ brain health. The healthcare provider alert also encourages discussions with parents about family screen usage, starting with prenatal visits and each well-child exam thereafter.
The “News to Know” alert inspires parents to be confident that they are equipped to provide exactly what babies need: one-to-one attention, words, gentle touch, reading time, and playtime indoors and out with non-electronic playthings. Strategies suggested for screen management at home include having screen-free places and times, such as in bedrooms and during meals, and for parents to seek help when overwhelmingly depressed or anxious.
Find the Alerts, supporting research, and parent resources for managing screen time on the project website: MyBabyGains.org.
About GAINING:
The Global Alliance for Inspiring Non-tech Infant Nurturing and Growth (GAINING) consists of child development specialists, clinicians, researchers, educators, and advocates on a mission to raise worldwide awareness of babies’ crucial need for physical play and face-to-face human interaction and of the risks to their cognitive, emotional, and relational development associated with regular and prolonged screen exposure. GAINING Awareness Alerts are based on global research findings and are for the information of parents, caregivers, healthcare providers, and government agencies.
#TechCanWait #WICAMHD #ProtectBabyBrains
#ScreenFreeBabies #ScreenFreeToddlers
#ParentsNotScreens #YouTimeNotScreenTime
#WeAreGAINING